2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide
1. Basic Information
Name: 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide
Alias: DBNPA
CAS No.: 10222-01-2
Molecular Formula: C3H2Br2N2O
Molecular Weight: 241.87
Category: Biocide, industrial water treatment bactericide, paper mill slime control agent, cosmetic preservative, cutting fluid antiseptic
2. Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical Properties
- Appearance: White crystalline powder
- Odor: Slight pungent halogen odor
- Solubility: Soluble in ethanol, acetone, DMF, polyethylene glycol; slightly soluble in water; insoluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons
- Melting Point: 125–129 °C (decomposes)
- Density (20 °C): 2.38 g/cm3
- Hygroscopy: Slightly hygroscopic in high humidity
- Aqueous property: Weakly acidic aqueous solution, rapidly hydrolyzes under alkaline or high temperature conditions
Chemical Properties
- Molecular structure: Propionamide backbone with two bromine atoms on C2, cyano group at C3, contains active bromine bactericidal functional groups
- Sterilization mechanism: Releases active bromine free radicals, destroys microbial cell protein and nucleic acid, broad-spectrum bactericidal, algicidal and slime stripping performance
- Hydrolysis characteristic: Stable under acidic low-temperature water environment; rapidly decomposes in neutral/alkaline water to generate bromide ion and non-toxic small molecular fragments
- Photostability: Strongly light-sensitive; UV light accelerates debromination decomposition and reduces activity
- Thermal stability: Stable below 60 °C; above 100 °C decomposes violently, releases toxic bromide and cyanide fumes
- Compatibility: Compatible with acidic water system; incompatible with strong alkali, reducing agents, sulfides, ammonia substances
3. Main Application Fields
1. Industrial Circulating Water Biocide (Core Application)
Cooling tower circulating water sterilization and algae removal, inhibits legionella, bacteria and algae reproduction to prevent pipeline slime blockage
2. Paper & Pulp Slime Control Agent
Added to papermaking white water to eliminate mucus-forming bacteria, avoid paper hole defects and mold growth
3. Cosmetic & Personal Care Preservative
Low-dose broad-spectrum preservative for washing care products, lotion and cream (compliant with cosmetic additive limits)
4. Metalworking Fluid Antiseptic
Prevents cutting fluid spoilage, odor and bacterial corrosion of metal workpieces
5. Oilfield Water Injection Sterilizer
Inhibits sulfate reducing bacteria in oilfield produced water to slow pipeline corrosion
4. Quality Specification Table
| Test Item | Standard Specification |
| CAS Number | 10222-01-2 |
| Molecular Formula | C3H2Br2N2O |
| Appearance | Uniform white crystal without yellow discoloration |
| HPLC Purity | Water Treatment Grade ≥99.0%, Cosmetic Grade ≥99.5% |
| Melting Point | 125–129 °C (decomp.) |
| Water Content (KF) | ≤0.20% |
| Free Bromine | ≤0.10% |
| Heavy Metals (Pb) | ≤10 ppm |
| Packaging | Light-proof nitrogen-sealed aluminum foil vacuum bag; bulk 25kg PE lined fiber drum |
| Storage Condition | Hermetically sealed cool dry warehouse below 25 °C, full light shielding, isolated from alkali, reducing agents and humid air |
| Transportation Requirement | Toxic halogen biocide solid, hazardous chemical transport standard, separate from food, reducing materials |
| Shelf Life | 18 months under nitrogen sealed packaging |
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