Shandong Huashang Chemical Co., Ltd. is a high-tech enterprise specializing in the research and development, manufacturing, and sales of fine chemicals. Headquartered in Jinan, Shandong, China, we are committed to delivering high-quality products to our global partners. Currently, over 90% of our products are exported to developed markets, including North America, Europe, Japan, South Korea, and the Middle East.
Product Description
Dodecyl gallate (also known as lauryl gallate, E312) is a lipophilic phenolic antioxidant formed by esterification of gallic acid and dodecanol. It appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder with a faint characteristic odor, widely used in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and polymer industries for antioxidation and preservation.
Uses
Food Industry: As a safe antioxidant (E312) for oils, fats, fried foods, instant noodles and cured meats, delaying lipid oxidation and rancidity; typical dosage 0.01–0.03% by fat weight. It also acts as an antimicrobial agent against Gram-positive bacteria, extending the shelf life of high-fat foods.
Pharmaceutical Industry: Serves as an antioxidant excipient in lipid-based formulations to prevent active ingredient degradation. It also exhibits antiviral activity (e.g., African swine fever virus, ASFV) and antibacterial properties, which are under research for related applications.
Cosmetic Industry: Used as a lipid-soluble antioxidant in creams, lotions and lipsticks, protecting oils and skin from oxidative damage. It also stabilizes cosmetic formulations and extends product shelf life.
Polymer & Material Industry: Acts as a heat and oxidation stabilizer for plastics, rubbers and synthetic fibers, inhibiting thermal degradation and aging.
Molecular Formula & Structure
- Molecular Formula: C??H??O?
- Molecular Weight: 338.44 g/mol
- IUPAC Name: Dodecyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
Physical & Chemical Properties
- Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder or waxy solid; odorless or faint ester-like odor.
- Melting Point: 72–75 °C (or 94–97 °C, depending on purity).
- Boiling Point: 521.7 °C (at atmospheric pressure).
- Density: ~1.11–1.14 g/cm3.
- Refractive Index: 1.534–1.535.
- Flash Point: 180.3 °C.
- Solubility: Insoluble in water; freely soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone, ethyl acetate and hot oils; slightly soluble in cold vegetable oils.
- Stability: Stable under normal temperature and dry conditions; sensitive to strong light, high temperature, strong acids and oxidants; undergoes hydrolysis under strong alkaline conditions.
- Chemical Traits: Polyphenolic compound with three hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring, providing strong antioxidant activity; amphipathic structure (hydrophilic galloyl group + hydrophobic dodecyl chain) for good lipid compatibility.
- Toxicity: Low acute toxicity; LD50 (oral, rat) >5000 mg/kg; acceptable daily intake (ADI) 0–0.05 mg/kg bw (temporary, JECFA); avoid use in individuals with known hypersensitivity.
Synthesis & Storage
- Synthesis: Prepared by esterification of gallic acid with dodecanol under acidic catalysis, followed by recrystallization and drying; suitable for industrial production.
- Storage: Sealed in dry, airtight containers; stored at 2–8 °C in a dark, dry place; avoid high temperature, moisture and direct sunlight; keep away from oxidants and strong bases.
- Safety: Operate in a well-ventilated area; wear gloves, goggles and masks; avoid inhalation, skin and eye contact; wash hands thoroughly after handling; dispose of waste in accordance with local regulations.
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