Shandong Huashang Chemical Co., Ltd. is a high-tech enterprise focused on industry of fine chemicals research and develop, produce and sale. Shandong Huashang Chemical Co., Ltd. is located in Shan Dong Ji Nan China. we have the ability to provide you high quality products. More than 90 % of our products are exported to developed countries and regions such as north America, Europe, Japan, South Korea and the Middle East.
1. Basic Info
Name: Glyoxylic acid
Alias: Oxoacetic acid, Formylformic acid
CAS No.: 298-12-4
Molecular Formula: C2H2O3
Molecular Weight: 74.04
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
Physical Properties
- Appearance: Colorless transparent crystal (solid monomer); commercial product is pale yellow aqueous solution
- Odor: Slight irritating sour odor
- Solubility: Miscible with water, ethanol, methanol; slightly soluble in acetone; insoluble in ether, benzene
- Melting Point: 98 ℃
- Density (40% aqueous solution): 1.19 g/cm3
- Hygroscopy: Strongly hygroscopic, easily absorbs water vapor from air
- Aqueous solution property: Aqueous solution exists in hydrated form C2H4O4
Chemical Properties
- Molecular structure: Contains aldehyde group -CHO and carboxyl group -COOH, dual functional group organic acid
- Aldehyde reactivity: Undergoes silver mirror reaction, can be oxidized to oxalic acid, reduced to glycolic acid
- Condensation reaction: Condenses with phenol, urea, aromatic amines to synthesize fine chemical intermediates
- Polymerization: Easy self-polymerization to form polyglyoxylic acid under neutral/alkaline conditions
- Acid characteristic: Weak organic acid, reacts with alkalis to generate glyoxylate salts
- Thermal stability: Decomposes above 120 ℃, releases CO, CO2
- Compatibility: Compatible with polar water-soluble solvents; incompatible with strong oxidants, strong alkalis, amines at high temperature
3. Main Application Fields
1. Organic Synthesis Intermediate (Core Application)
- Raw material for vanillin, ethyl vanillin, allantoin, pharmaceutical heterocyclic intermediates
- Synthetic precursor of glyphosate pesticide intermediate
2. Cosmetic & Daily Chemical Raw Material
- Allantoin production raw material for skin care cream, soothing repair cosmetics
- Biodegradable chelating agent auxiliary
3. Water Treatment & Electroplating
- Metal surface polishing additive for copper, aluminum electroplating
- Scale inhibitor auxiliary for circulating water system
4. Pharmaceutical Industry
Synthetic building block for anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, cardiovascular drug intermediates
5. Analytical Chemistry Reagent
Derivatization reagent for detection of alcohols, amino compounds
4. Quality Specification Table
| Test Item | Standard Index |
| CAS Number | 298-12-4 |
| Molecular Formula | C2H2O3 |
| Molecular Weight | 74.04 |
| Appearance | Colorless crystal / pale yellow transparent liquid |
| Purity | Crystal Grade ≥99.0%; Aqueous Solution 40%±1% |
| Oxalic Acid Impurity | ≤0.30% |
| Glycolic Acid Impurity | ≤0.50% |
| Moisture Content | Crystal ≤0.20% |
| Heavy Metals (Pb) | ≤10 ppm |
| Bulk Package | 25kg PE lined plastic drum / plastic barrel |
| Storage Condition | Hermetic cool dry warehouse ≤25℃; isolate air, alkaline substances, oxidants |
| Transportation Rule | Corrosive organic acid, sealed anti-leakage packaging, avoid contact with alkaline goods |
| Shelf Life | 12 months under intact sealed packaging |
Safety Warning
Corrosive to skin, eyes and respiratory tract; wear protective gloves and goggles during operation. Avoid mixing with strong alkaline substances to prevent exothermic violent reaction.
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