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Potassium carbonate
1. Basic Information
Name: Potassium carbonate
Alias: Carbonate of potash, Potash anhydrous
CAS No.: 584-08-7
Molecular Formula: K2CO3
Molecular Weight: 138.21
Category: Inorganic alkaline potassium salt, industrial raw material, food additive, analytical reagent
2. Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical Properties
- Appearance: White crystalline powder or granular crystal
- Odor: Odorless, strong alkaline taste
- Solubility: Easily soluble in water; soluble in glycerol; slightly soluble in ethanol; insoluble in acetone, ether
- Melting Point: 891 ℃
- Hygroscopy: Strongly hygroscopic, easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate in humid air
- Aqueous property: Aqueous solution strongly alkaline, pH of 10% solution ≈11.8
Chemical Properties
- Molecular structure: Ionic compound composed of K1+ and CO32-
- Acid reaction: Reacts with all acids to generate carbon dioxide, water and corresponding potassium salt
- Double hydrolysis: Reacts with calcium, magnesium, barium ions to form insoluble carbonate precipitates
- Thermal stability: Stable at room temperature, only decomposes at ultra-high temperature above melting point
- Compatibility: Compatible with neutral inorganic salts; incompatible with strong acids, ammonium salts, heavy metal soluble salts
3. Main Application Fields
1. Glass Industry (Core Application)
Raw material for optical glass, crystal glass, electronic glass; adjust glass refractive index and transparency
2. Food Additive
Food acidity regulator, bulking agent for pastry, cocoa processing neutralizer
3. Chemical Synthesis Raw Material
Produce potassium salts, catalyst carrier, organic synthesis alkali neutralizer
4. Other Uses
- Printing and dyeing auxiliaries, textile wool degreasing agent
- Laboratory titration analytical reagent
- Electronic manufacturing wafer cleaning auxiliary
4. Quality Specification Table
| Test Item | Standard Specification |
| CAS Number | 584-08-7 |
| Molecular Formula | K2CO3 |
| Appearance | Uniform white crystal without lumps |
| Purity | Industrial grade ≥98.0%; Food grade ≥99.0%; AR grade ≥99.5% |
| Water insoluble matter | ≤0.01% |
| Chloride impurity | ≤0.03% |
| Moisture | ≤0.40% |
| Heavy Metals (Pb) | ≤10 ppm (food grade) |
| Packaging | 25kg PE lined woven bag / plastic drum |
| Storage Condition | Sealed dry warehouse below 25 ℃, isolate damp and acid chemicals |
| Transportation Requirement | Ordinary inorganic alkaline solid, moisture-proof packaging, separate from acid goods |
| Shelf Life | 36 months sealed storage |
Safety Warning
Alkaline irritant inorganic salt. Dust irritates eyes, nasal mucosa and respiratory tract; skin contact dissolves sebum and causes dry corrosive irritation. Operation with ventilation, wear dust mask and rubber gloves. Mixing with acid will release a large amount of CO2 gas, easy to splash. Waste water can be neutralized with dilute acid before discharge; solid waste belongs to general inorganic industrial waste.
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