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2-Nitrodiphenylamine
1. Basic Information
Name: 2-Nitrodiphenylamine
Alias: o-Nitrodiphenylamine, 2-Nitro-N-phenylaniline
CAS No.: 119-75-5
Molecular Formula: C12H10N2O2
Molecular Weight: 214.22
Category: Aromatic nitroamine fine chemical raw material, rubber anti-aging agent intermediate, gunpowder stabilizer, dye synthesis building block
2. Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical Properties
- Appearance: Orange-red to dark red crystalline powder
- Odor: Faint aromatic amine odor
- Solubility: Soluble in ethanol, methanol, acetone, toluene, ethyl acetate; slightly soluble in hot water; insoluble in cold water and aliphatic alkanes
- Melting Point: 74–76 ℃
- Density (predicted): 1.26 g/cm3
- Hygroscopy: Non-hygroscopic under normal humidity
- Aqueous property: Neutral suspension in water, stable in neutral and weak acid environments
Chemical Properties
- Molecular structure: Diphenylamine with ortho-nitro substituent, contains secondary amine and nitro group on benzene ring
- Antioxidant characteristic: Secondary amine structure can capture free radicals, widely used as anti-degradation stabilizer for polymer materials and propellants
- Nitro reduction: Nitro group can be reduced to amino group to prepare o-amino diphenylamine dye intermediates
- Diazotization reaction: Aromatic amino derivatives obtained after reduction can undergo diazotization to synthesize azo dyes
- Thermal stability: Stable below 70 ℃; long-term heating above melting point will cause slight decomposition and deepening color
- Photostability: Highly light-sensitive; UV irradiation accelerates oxidation and turns dark brown
- Compatibility: Compatible with oil-soluble organic solvents and rubber raw materials; incompatible with strong oxidants, concentrated strong acid
3. Main Application Fields
1. Propellant & Explosive Stabilizer (Core Application)
Main chemical stabilizer for smokeless powder, artillery propellant; absorbs nitrogen oxide decomposition products to delay powder aging and extend storage life
2. Rubber Anti-Aging Intermediate
Raw material for producing rubber antioxidant, inhibits thermal oxidation and ozone aging of natural rubber, synthetic rubber products
3. Azo Dye Synthetic Intermediate
Precursor for dark red, black acid dyes and leather dyes via reduction and diazotization processes
4. Laboratory Antioxidant Reagent
Free radical scavenger for polymer aging research experiments
4. Quality Specification Table
| Test Item | Standard Specification |
| CAS Number | 119-75-5 |
| Molecular Formula | C12H10N2O2 |
| Appearance | Uniform orange-red crystal without black oxidized impurities |
| HPLC Purity | Industrial Grade ≥98.0% |
| Melting Point | 74–76 ℃ |
| Water Content (KF) | ≤0.20% |
| Residue on Ignition | ≤0.10% |
| Single Maximum Unknown Impurity | ≤0.10% |
| Heavy Metals (Pb) | ≤10 ppm |
| Packaging | 100g/1kg vacuum aluminum foil bag, 25kg light-proof PE lined fiber drum |
| Storage Condition | Hermetically sealed cool dry warehouse below 25 ℃, full light shielding, isolate oxidizing substances |
| Transportation Requirement | Light-sensitive nitroaromatic powder, sealed light-proof packaging, keep away from fire and heat sources |
| Shelf Life | 24 months under nitrogen vacuum sealed storage |
Safety Warning
Toxic irritant nitroaromatic crystalline powder. Dust irritates eyes, nasal tract and respiratory tract; skin absorption may cause methemoglobinemia. All operations must be carried out in fully ventilated explosion-proof fume hood with dust-proof respirator, splash-proof goggles and heavy chemical-resistant nitrile gloves. Keep away from open flame, high temperature and strong oxidants to avoid risk of combustion. Waste liquid fully neutralized before discharge; solid waste classified as toxic nitroaromatic hazardous waste disposed by licensed professional institutions.
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