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Chlorocyclohexane
1. Basic Information
Name: Chlorocyclohexane
Alias: Cyclohexyl chloride
CAS No.: 542-18-7
Molecular Formula: C6H11Cl
Molecular Weight: 118.60
Category: Aliphatic chloroalkane fine chemical raw material, organic synthetic intermediate, solvent
2. Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical Properties
- Appearance: Colorless transparent oily liquid
- Odor: Mild characteristic chlorinated cycloalkane odor
- Solubility: Miscible with ethanol, methanol, acetone, toluene, dichloromethane, petroleum ether; insoluble in water
- Melting Point: ?44 ℃
- Boiling Point: 142–144 ℃
- Density (20℃): 0.987–0.990 g/cm3
- Refractive Index nD20: 1.461–1.463
- Flash Point: 28 ℃
- Hygroscopy: Non-hygroscopic
- Aqueous property: Neutral liquid, stable in neutral water; slow hydrolysis under strong acid/alkali heating to produce cyclohexanol and hydrogen chloride
Chemical Properties
- Molecular structure: Single chlorine substituted cyclohexane saturated ring, aliphatic C-Cl bond with nucleophilic substitution activity
- Nucleophilic substitution: Under alkaline conditions, chlorine can be replaced by -OH, -CN, -NH? to synthesize cyclohexanol, cyclohexyl nitrile, cyclohexylamine intermediates
- Elimination reaction: Heating with strong alkali alcohol solution undergoes dehydrochlorination to generate cyclohexene
- Friedel-Crafts alkylation: Used as alkylating agent for aromatic ring modification under Lewis acid catalysis
- Thermal stability: Stable below 120 ℃; long-time high temperature leads to dechlorination and discoloration
- Photostability: Light-sensitive, UV irradiation generates free radicals, liquid turns pale yellow
- Compatibility: Compatible with anhydrous organic solvents; incompatible with strong alkali, strong oxidants, active metals (Na, K)
3. Main Application Fields
1. Organic Synthetic Intermediate (Core Application)
Key raw material for manufacturing cyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, cyclohexanol, rubber vulcanization accelerators, pesticide and pharmaceutical intermediates
2. Industrial Alkylation Reagent
Alkylation substrate for synthesis of dyes, surfactants, resin modifiers
3. Low-toxicity Industrial Solvent
Solvent for grease, rubber, coating cleaning, auxiliary solvent for organic synthesis extraction
4. Laboratory Synthetic Chemistry Reagent
Standard substrate for aliphatic nucleophilic substitution and elimination reaction research
4. Quality Specification Table
| Test Item | Standard Specification |
| CAS Number | 542-18-7 |
| Molecular Formula | C6H11Cl |
| Appearance | Colorless clear liquid without suspended impurities |
| GC Purity | Synthetic Grade ≥98.0% |
| Water Content (KF) | ≤0.10% |
| Chroma (APHA) | ≤100 |
| Free Chloride Ion | ≤0.05% |
| Heavy Metals (Pb) | ≤10 ppm |
| Packaging | 100mL/1L amber glass bottle, 25kg PE plastic drum, 200kg galvanized iron drum |
| Storage Condition | Hermetically sealed cool dry warehouse below 25 ℃, light shielding, isolate alkali, oxidants and active metals; away from open flame |
| Transportation Requirement | Flammable chlorinated cycloalkane liquid, light-proof sealed packaging, classified as flammable liquid hazardous goods |
| Shelf Life | 24 months under nitrogen sealed storage |
Safety Warning
Flammable irritant chlorinated aliphatic liquid. Vapor irritates eyes, respiratory tract and skin; inhalation of high concentration vapor causes dizziness and nausea. All operations must be carried out in explosion-proof ventilated fume hood with fire-proof nitrile gloves and splash-proof goggles. Strictly isolate open fire, static electricity, strong alkali and active metals to avoid dehydrochlorination and exothermic reaction. Waste liquid diluted with inert solvent then neutralized before discharge; residual liquid belongs to halogenated flammable hazardous waste disposed by licensed professional institutions.
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