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1,2-Ethanedithiol
1. Basic Information
Name: 1,2-Ethanedithiol
Alias: Ethylene dimercaptan, Ethane-1,2-dithiol
CAS No.: 540-63-6
Molecular Formula: C2H6S2
Molecular Weight: 94.20
Category: Organic synthetic cross-linking reagent, metal chelating agent, peptide deprotection reagent, heterocyclic intermediate, metal surface treatment additive
2. Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical Properties
- Appearance: Colorless transparent oily liquid
- Odor: Extremely strong pungent rotten sulfur odor, highly penetrating
- Solubility: Miscible with ethanol, methanol, acetone, chloroform, toluene; slightly soluble in water
- Boiling Point: 146–148 °C (760 mmHg)
- Density (20 °C): 1.123–1.127 g/cm3
- Refractive Index nD20: 1.555–1.559
- Flash Point: 44 °C
- Hygroscopy: Non-hygroscopic
- Aqueous property: Weakly acidic dithiol compound; stable in neutral cold water at room temperature
Chemical Properties
- Molecular structure: Two terminal -SH groups on ethane straight chain, dual active mercapto functional groups
- Thiol reactivity: Easily oxidized by air to form disulfide; undergoes alkylation, acylation, cyclization and metal complexation reactions
- Synthetic application characteristic: Classic scavenger for carbonyl protection groups in peptide and organic synthesis; forms stable five-membered dithiolane cyclic acetal with aldehydes/ketones
- Photostability: Strongly light-sensitive; UV exposure drastically accelerates air oxidation and darkens liquid
- Thermal stability: Stable below 120 °C; high-temperature heating releases highly toxic sulfur-containing irritating fumes
- Compatibility: Compatible with anhydrous polar aprotic solvents; incompatible with air, strong oxidants, alkaline substances and heavy metal ions
3. Main Application Fields
1. Organic Synthesis Deprotection & Protecting Group Reagent (Core Application)
Standard reagent for removing carbonyl protecting groups in pharmaceutical and peptide synthesis; forms reversible dithiolane derivatives for carbonyl group masking
2. Metal Ion Chelating & Electroplating Additive
Strong chelator for heavy metal ions; brightening agent and corrosion inhibitor for copper, nickel electroplating baths
3. Heterocyclic Compound Synthetic Intermediate
Raw material for synthesizing sulfur-containing heterocyclic drugs, pesticides and rubber vulcanization accelerators
4. Laboratory Analytical Reagent
Chromogenic reagent for qualitative detection of transition metal ions
4. Quality Specification Table
| Test Item | Standard Specification |
| CAS Number | 540-63-6 |
| Molecular Formula | C2H6S2 |
| Appearance | Clear colorless liquid without precipitate |
| GC Purity | Synthetic Reagent Grade ≥99.0%, Industrial Grade ≥98.5% |
| Water Content (KF) | ≤0.10% |
| Chroma (APHA) | ≤80 |
| Disulfide Impurity | ≤0.30% |
| Heavy Metals (Pb) | ≤10 ppm |
| Packaging | Light-proof nitrogen-sealed amber glass bottle; bulk 200kg nitrogen-filled lined iron drum |
| Storage Condition | Hermetically sealed cool dry warehouse below 25 °C, full light shielding, strictly isolated from air, oxidants and alkaline chemicals |
| Transportation Requirement | Flammable malodorous sulfur liquid, Class 3 flammable liquid transport standard, separated from oxidizing hazardous goods and food supplies |
| Shelf Life | 18 months under nitrogen vacuum sealed storage |
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