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2-Chloro-5-nitropyridine
1. Basic Product Information
Product Name: 2-Chloro-5-nitropyridine
CAS Number: 4548-45-2
Molecular Formula: C5H3ClN2O2
Molecular Weight: 158.54
Synonyms: 2-Chloro-5-nitro pyridine
Product Category: Halogenated pyridine fine chemical, pharmaceutical heterocyclic intermediate, organic synthesis raw material
2. Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical Indicators
- Appearance: Light yellow crystalline powder
- Odor: Slight heterocyclic aromatic odor
- Solubility: Soluble in dichloromethane, DMF, THF, hot ethanol; slightly soluble in methanol; insoluble in cold water and petroleum ether
- Melting Point: 106–110 °C
- Density (20 °C): 1.47 g/cm3
- Hygroscopicity: Non-hygroscopic under sealed dry storage
- Aqueous Stability: Stable in neutral cold water, slowly hydrolyzed under strong alkaline heating
Chemical Characteristics
- Molecular Structure: Pyridine ring with chlorine at C2 and nitro group at C5; contains active aryl chloride and nitro functional groups
- Aryl Chloride Reactivity: Undergoes nucleophilic substitution, Suzuki coupling, Buchwald amination to construct pyridine-based drug skeletons
- Nitro Group Modification: Can be reduced to amino group for further derivatization into amides, ureas, heterocycles
- Photostability: Slightly light-sensitive; long-term UV exposure produces trace dechlorination impurities and darkens
- Thermal Stability: Stable below 100 °C; decomposes above melting point to release irritating hydrogen chloride and nitrogen oxide fumes
- Chemical Compatibility: Compatible with anhydrous polar aprotic solvents; incompatible with strong alkali, reducing agents and strong oxidants
3. Main Application Fields
- Core Application: Pharmaceutical Heterocyclic Intermediate
Key building block for anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antibacterial and central nervous system APIs; widely used to synthesize pyridine-containing small molecule drugs via substitution and reduction reactions - Pesticide & Herbicide Raw Material
Precursor for high-efficiency pyridine fungicides and insecticides with broad-spectrum crop protection activity - Laboratory Organic Synthesis Reagent
Standard substrate for cross-coupling, nucleophilic substitution and pyridine ring functionalization research - Organic Dye & Photosensitizer Precursor
Raw material for high-performance pyridine-based azo dyes and photochemical sensitizers
4. Platform Category & Product Group Selection Guide
1) Domestic B2B Platform Category
Recommended Path: Organic Intermediates / Pharmaceutical Intermediates
Reason: It is a core heterocyclic intermediate for human pharmaceutical synthesis, classified as pharmaceutical intermediate.
2) English Product Group Dropdown Options
Recommended Selection: Pharmaceutical Chemicals
Do not select Basic Organic Chemicals; this product is mainly supplied for pharmaceutical API production, matching pharmaceutical chemical grouping.
3. Standard Foreign Trade Packaging Specification
1kg aluminum foil vacuum bag for lab samples; 25kg fiber drum lined with double PE inner bags for bulk industrial orders; customized packaging specifications are available upon request
5. Quality Specification Table
| Test Item | Standard Requirement |
| CAS Number | 4548-45-2 |
| Molecular Formula | C5H3ClN2O2 |
| Appearance | Uniform light yellow crystalline powder without dark brown impurities |
| HPLC Purity | Pharma Intermediate Grade ≥99.0%, Industrial Grade ≥98.5% |
| Melting Point | 106–110 °C |
| Water Content (KF Method) | ≤0.20% |
| Single Unknown Impurity | ≤0.10% |
| Total Related Substances | ≤0.50% |
| Heavy Metals (Pb) | ≤10 ppm |
| Standard Storage Package | Light-proof nitrogen-sealed aluminum foil vacuum bag, 25kg PE lined fiber drum |
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